5-1、Mechanistic Models of Embrittlement in Reactor Pressure
Vessel Steels
David Campbell Parfitt
Coventry University
摘要：In this talk, we will discuss some of the challenges in accurately accounting for the loss of toughness in low-alloy nuclear pressure vessels when subject to thermal and irradiation embrittlement. This will focus on the conditions in Generation III and III+ pressurised and boiling water reactor systems but there are similar applications in future reactor systems.
We will consider the role of physically based modelling, particularly the use of atomic scale simulations, in understanding the formation of embrittling features within a steel. This will examine both copper rich and Ni-Mn-Si precipitates, so called ‘late-blooming phases’, and the connection between thermal ageing and irradiation embrittlement in the formation of these defects. A key part of this work will be the use of atomic scale modelling to predict the variety of experimental data from these steels and so provide greater understanding as to the processes occurring.
We will also report on some of our recent work on in situ measurement of embrittlement during operation or maintenance of reactor pressure vessels and the use of artificial neural networks in predicting irradiation embrittlement. In the future, these empirically based models may provide significant support to more traditional models in ensuring the safe, continued operation of nuclear reactors.
关键词： Atomic scale simulation; embrittlement; Reactor Pressure Vessel Steels
DOI:10.12110/secondfmge.20181014.501
Dr Parfitt’s research focuses on the use of atomic scale simulation to improve the understanding of materials or to better interpret experimental data, particularly where this may improve the performance or extending the useful life of an engineering system. He is working on several current areas including:
Nuclear materials including fuels, waste forms and steel pressure vessels;
Solid oxide fuel cells and Li-ion battery materials;
Microstructural effects on material performance.
Dr Parfitt joined Coventry University as a Senior Lecturer in the summer of 2015. He has worked in the field of energy materials for several years, beginning with a DPhil at Oxford University (2002-2006) which focused on high-pressure physics of solid-state battery materials. He spent four years (2006-2010) as a research associate at Imperial College London working on a variety of research projects including atomic scale simulations of nuclear fuels and solid-oxide fuel cell materials. Prior to joining Coventry University, he spent five years (2010-2015) providing materials support within the Rolls-Royce Nuclear Materials, Chemistry and Corrosion team.
通讯方式：Email : david.parfitt@coventry.ac.uk；Mobile : 07557 425433